白龙江林区云杉病虫害调查及防治措施

对白龙江林区云杉人工示范林进行病虫害监测调查,结果表明：每hm2云杉人工示范林样地内有3种常见的有害生物危害,即云杉落针病、云杉叶锈病和杉针黄叶甲,感病指数分布为3级、1级和3级。通过化学和烟剂防治手段,病虫害蔓延得到有效控制,为白龙江林区森林提供相关技术参考。     

长白山阔叶红松林早春植物生长特征研究

以长白山阔叶红松林下的早春植物为对象,对其生长发育过程、生长环境特点、生物量及其群落学特征进行研究,结果表明:长白山阔叶红松林下早春植物有12种2变种,相对重要的前10种依次为黑水银莲花、朝鲜银莲花、顶冰花、多被银莲花、东北延胡索、侧金盏花、五福花、全缘叶延胡索、大人字果、线叶延胡索;早春植物生长发育需凉爽、湿润、光照充足的环境条件,其生长发育过程与上层林冠有密切关系。长白山阔叶红松林下早春植物总生物量为395.83 kg·hm-2,其中,地上部分生物量为135.26 kg·hm-2,占总生物量的34.17%;地下部分生物量为260.57 kg·hm-2,占65.83%,总密度为272.65万株·hm-2。早春植物在森林生态系统物质循环、能量流动方面具有重要作用。     

不同森林-土壤类型在水源林生态系统中的作用

水源林是森林水文学的研究主体和实践区域,丘陵山区开发利用首先要解决水源林布局问题,使之达到生态平衡。文章探讨了不同的森林—土壤类型及其水源涵养能力,阐述了森林—土壤类型在森林生态系统中的基本核心功能,特别是林地土壤内的重力水库容在其中担负着重大的作用,并初步提出了营建和改造水源林的建议。     

Tree-ring: a suitable implement for spatial and temporal fire distribution analysis in savanna woodland and dry forest

Based on 120 stem discs collected during3 months of fieldwork along a 12 km route,the history of fires in the Wari Maro Forest(09 1000 N–02 1000E) over the past century in savanna woodland and dry forest was reconstituted.Three major ecological areas are characterized:one highly burnt zone located between two relative less burnt areas.By analyzing tree rings,246 fire scars were identified.The scars were caused by 51 fire years,occurring at a mean interval of 2.23 years.From 1890 to1965,only 6 years with fires were recorded from sampled trees.Since 1966,no year has passed without fire.The fire frequency point scale reached 14 years.This was the case of Burkea africana,which has been identified as a species tolerant to fire and could be planted to create a natural firewall.In contrast,Anogeissus leiocarpa is highly sensitive to fire,and in a dry forest ecosystem that burns seasonally,it requires a special conservation plan.Two new concepts are described:the rebarking of trees after fire and Mean Kilometer Fire Interval.The first concept was tested with Daniellia oliveri(Rolfe) Hutch & Dalz trees,and the second concept was used to evaluate spatial fire distribution.We demonstrate that savanna woodland and dry forest were subject to a degradation process caused by destructive fires related to vegetation cover clearance and illegal logging.     

景电灌区农田防护林衰败及优化模式

景电灌区农田防护林网是景电灌区防护林体系的重要组成部分,通过调查景电灌区农田防护林衰败现状,分析退化原因,提出优化改造模式,为景电灌区农田防护林更新改造从而发挥可持续效益提供技术支撑。结果表明,1)以杨树为主要树种的景电灌区农田防护林网目前呈严重衰败状态,尤其在个人管护的区域,残缺断代现象严重,部分地方甚至基本消失;2)病虫危害,耗水、胁地严重而被砍伐,耕地次生盐渍化导致树木生长不良、枯死,树种单一、结构不合理,管理不到位等是造成农田防护林衰败的主要原因;3)三倍体毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)、廊坊(P.langfanggensis)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris)、刺槐(Robinia pseucdoacacia)、白蜡(Fraxinus chinensis)、鸣山大枣(Jujube minshan)等树种为该地区农田防护林建设的适宜树种,可采用农田防护林杨树优势树种轮换、针叶常绿树种优化改造、生态经济型防护林网营造等模式对景电灌区农田防护林网进行更新改造。农田防护林网的改造,将对完善防护林体系,保障景泰绿洲的安全产生重要意义。     

杉檫混交根系效应的研究

In this paper,the root system and their associated effect of mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Sassafras tsumu at eight-year-old were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that Sassafras tsumu might play a important role in improving the root system of Cunninghamia lanceolata growth due to the single root weight of Cunninghamia lanceolata in mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Sassafras tsumu was evidently more than that of Cunninghamia lanceolata in pure forest,and that there were different mixed effects in mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Sassafra tsumu in different slope situation,which meant that the associated effect was better in higher slope situation than in lower slope situation,and which reflected in the effect of Sassafra tsumu to the height and D.B.H.growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata.This Study indicated that the associated effect was positively related to the effect of roots system.     

广南县杉木人工林林分密度控制图的编制

为探讨杉木人工林立木密度对优势木平均高、林分单位面积蓄积量、林分平均直径等生长因子的规律,于2003~2005年在广南县14个乡镇,设置20m×30m的杉木人工林样地215块,在实测胸径和树高的基础上进行资料整理,并编制了杉木人工林林分密度控制图。经检验,其等树高线精度为97.8%,等直径线精度为98.8%。     

林权制度改革后的森林资源管理问题与对策——以三明市为例

阐述了三明市集体林权制度改革后,经营主体呈现多元化格局的情况,分析了森林资源管理出现的新情况、新问题,探讨了新形势下森林资源管理的对策。     

笋用竹林培育研究现状

从良种繁育、结构控制、环境控制 3个途径综述了国内外近 15年来对笋用丰产林研究的状况 ,探讨了笋用林培育的研究方向 ,为笋用林的丰产、优质、高效培育研究提供依据     

论继续推进沿海防护林体系工程建设的必要性

全国沿海防护林体系二期工程建设规划将于2015年完成,通过二期规划建设,工程取得了巨大成就,但依然存在较大增长空间和发展潜力,为了贯彻落实生态文明建设总体要求,进一步推动沿海防护林持续快速发展,充分发挥其生态、经济和社会效益,从八个方面对继续推进沿海防护林体系工程建设的必要性进行了论述,以期引起各级政府部门的高度重视和全社会关注,并尽早出台沿海防护林体系工程后期有关建设规划。